Consequences Of Globalisation For Sub Saharan Africa

5. Is the ‘criminalisation’ of the State a useful and accurate analysis of the consequences of globalisation for Sub-Saharan Africa? Exemplify your answer. The Criminalisation of the State in Africa is an unhelpful and inaccurate phenomena which postulates that at the heart of political and governmental institutions within Africa lies crime. It is clear that in the wake of globalisation and post-colonial neoliberal reforms Africa has struggled to maintain its stature in the world wide global economy; the GDP for the whole of Sub-Saharan Africa stands at $744 billion, which is just 28% of Chinas. The rise of the Asian Tiger economies in the east marked the beginning of modern globalisation; improvements in technology and the outsourcing of†¦show more content†¦Although growth has been slow in comparison to the rest of the world increases in FDI, social enterprise and the manufacturing sector suggest that there is hope for the continent; with historical social unrest and political deviance thus far preventing wide-spread economic growth and development. Africa has a history of political and civil unrest dating back to the late 19th century and the start of the colonial occupation of African nations. Since independence many nations have struggled with undemocratic governments famous for corruption, embezzlement and money laundering. Within the criminalisation of state theory it is claimed that Sub-Saharan Africa has a standardised criminal model derived from dominant social groups exploiting the income gained from their insertion into the international economy as a method of dependence (Bayart, Ellis and Hibou 1999). This is an attempt to show the historical context of the criminality within the state as if it is something that has existed throughout all of the African nations importing and exporting life-span. In order to suit this argument it is easy to use few famous state leaders, such as Charles Taylor or Joseph Momoh, who are renowned for their criminal activity as examples; however to paint a whole continent with the same brus h seems nonsensical and inaccurate. Botswana emerged from the colonial regime one of the poorest nations in Africa yet due to a

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The Constitution Of The United States - 894 Words

Abaft every country in the world is a set of rules and regulations that is the substratum for that country. A Constitution can be defined as a document that is the substratum of the country’s principles. Elements in the Constitution may contain sundry information. Which can include: how many terms a leader may serve, what rights the citizens have, how the judicial system works, etc. The United States in no different from those countries. Every constitution is different, no country has the exact constitution as another. The U.S Constitution is a four-page document detailing how to country is governed. Not only that, but the Constitution states what rights citizens gain at birth. Although the Constitution has been used to make important changes throughout U.S history, many people are still oblivious to the document, and through analyzing the Constitution citizens can see the changes the document has made on society. Study The U.S Constitution is a very important document for the United States. Not only does the U.S Constitution give rudimental guidelines of our country, but also guarantees rudimental rights for citizens of the United States. Nicknamed â€Å"The Supreme Law of the Land† the Constitution can be described as the backbone of our country. However, most people of our country do not know most of the information contained in the Constitution or sometimes what the Constitution is. According to a survey conducted by ABC news, seventy percent of Americans could not name whatShow MoreRelatedThe United States Constitution And The Constitution Essay1491 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States Constitution, this very detailed group of words was written in 1787, but it did not take effect until after it was ratified in 1789, when it replaced the Articles of Confederation. It remains the basic law of the United States then and till the present day of 2016. The first state to ratify the Constitu tion was Delaware; the last of the original thirteen to ratify was Rhode Island and since only nine were required, this was two years after it went into effect. When the U.S. ConstitutionRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Constitution Essay1185 Words   |  5 Pages(framers’ of the U.S. Constitution) position on the Presidency: The framers experienced the abuse of the English monarchs and their colonial governors. As a result, the framers were skeptical of the excessive executive authority. Furthermore, they also feared excessive legislative powers. This was something that the Articles of Confederation had given their own state legislatures. The framers of the constitution deliberately fragmented power between the national government, the states, and among the executiveRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States885 Words   |  4 Pages In 1787, our founding fathers came up with a few principles that would establish what we now know as the United States of America. These principles were put on paper to serve as a guideline for how the United States would be operated and structured. This historical piece paper became known as the Constitution of the United States. In the Constitution, a Preamble is implemented at the beginning that essentially tells what the founding fathers set out to do. â€Å"We The People, in order to form a moreRead MoreThe United States Constitution Essay1515 Words   |  7 PagesThe United States constitution was written in 1787 by the founding fathers of this country. Now it might be appropriate to question why a document that is the basis of the government for one of the most culturally and racially diverse countries in the world, was written by a group of heterosexual, cisgender, rich, white men. Some might think that a constitution written well over 200 years ago would be outdated and irrelevant to the American society of today but with some research, it is quite theRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States756 Words   |  4 PagesPromulgation and Legislation in the U.S. Constitution: The federal system of government of the United States is based on its constitution. The Constitution grants all authority to the federal government except the power that is delegated to the states. Each state in the United States has its own constitution, local government, statute, and courts. The Constitution of the United States sets the judiciary of the federal government and defines the extent of the federal court’s power. The federalRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1007 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States of America has previously experienced failure every now and then. With trial and error, the country has learned to correct its ways and move toward(s) perfecting itself. Realizing the ineffectiveness of the Articles of Confederation is a prime example of the U.S. learning how to better itself. Subsequent to the Articles of Confederation, the Constitution of the United States was set as our new and improved framework of government. Possessing knowled ge on how America, although strongRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States951 Words   |  4 Pageshappening again. Unlike the artifacts, The Constitution of the United States has not been forgotten, it is actually still very alive today. Unlike most relics, The Constitution still holds a very heroic and patriotic implication, freedom. With freedom comes self-government, freedom of speech, religious tolerance, etc. With all these things comes the great responsibility to adapt and fit to the wants and needs of the decade. Even though the Constitution was made for the interests of the people ofRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1338 Words   |  6 Pages The Constitution is the basis of law in The United States and has been since it was written in 1789. Since then it has been amended 27 times with the first ten amendments collectively known as the Bill of Rights. The US Constitution was preceded by the Articles of Confederation and supported by the Federalist Papers which we will touch more on later. James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, John Adams and Thomas Jefferson all wrote or influenced The Constitution in a very important way. Alexander HamiltonRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1388 Words   |  6 PagesInterpretation of the Constitution is one of the biggest conflicts within the United States–the highly contentious issue of states’ rights resulted from two different interpretations of what powers should belong to the federal government versus what powers belong to the individual states. No issue has ever caused as much turmoil as the issue of states’ rights–but one side must have more v alid arguments. Should the federal government’s power be superior, or should the authority of the individual states be heldRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States1054 Words   |  5 PagesThe Constitution of the United States divide powers between both Congress and President in a way to prevent tyranny. The legislative and executive branches have major roles in America’s form of government. Each have significant roles but would overlay within each other especially when it comes to foreign policy. In the process of foreign policy, both sides tend to collide whether it may be Congress against the executive branch or vice versa. It becomes something contradictory in which Political Scientist

Different Cultures Within The Same Time Period During The...

In order to embark on two different cultures within the same time period during the middle Ages there needs to be a clear contrast between the two. In the Western Middle Ages where the emergence of lords and vassals came about there was sworn loyalty by vassals to their lords of whom took care of them. In return the vassals would serve, protect and honor their lords. Therefore the mutual obligations of lords and vassals was to honor one another. Vassals doing so with their military services to protect the lord and his family. Lords doing so with their gift of land for the vassals and their families. In all levels the obligations always created an honorable connection between free men and did not imply any sense of slavery. In discussing the importance of the relationship between lords and vassals also brings up another important practice. Fief holding, this was the land or income granted to the vassal in return for military service. Many vassals who held land deeds also were grante d legal and political authority within their fiefs. These vassals would create a single government and become lord of their area. Fief holding became very complicated, there were Kings who had vassals and these vassals were known as lords. The lord’s vassals subdivided their fiefs and also had vassals of their own, who also subdivided their fiefs and had vassals. This when on down the line to knights who also had fiefs but were too small to divide. Unaware of the eastern civilizationShow MoreRelatedMarco Polo Comparison Essay1546 Words   |  7 Pagesexploration during the middle ages, these two explorers’ managed to travel the length of the Eurasian empire, while creating written accounts of their adventure. 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Instead, he arranged them on different levels and in different sizes to show perspective.† The fundamentals of art are taught in schools forRead MoreThe Carolingian Renaissance1472 Words   |  6 Pagesknown as Carolus Magnus and Charles the Great, was one of the greatest leaders during the Middle Ages. He was a military man, king of the Franks, and was appointed as Roman emperor in 800 AD. Throughout Europe, he was seen as a great example of an emperor and Christian king. Not only did he revive the political system but also the cultural life of Europe. His activities had a spectacular effect on education and culture in Francia, a debatable effect on artistic endeavors, and an immeasurable effectRead MoreMusic And Its Impact On Music1534 Words   |  7 Pages Since the early days of human existence, sweet sounds of music have brought joy to the human race. However, throughout time, music seems to have taken a bit of a detour as progress is concerned. 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Global Fixed Interests and Share Investment -myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Write about theGlobal Fixed Interests and Share Investment Opportunities. Answer: In this paper, the countries considered for this study include Canada, the United States of America and the United Kingdom. Their specific performances will later be compared to the Australia financial market to have a global scenario of the field drawn. Interest rates and share investments in these countries, like everywhere else around the globe are determined by their specific economic environment which results from many external factors (Holston, Laubach and Williams, 2017). In addition, they insist with other factors constant, inflation is a major player in determining the interest rates in a country. The trade is a popular investment with investors engaging in the both domestic and the international levels. Over the recent years, use of the internet has been known to play an important role in the financial sector as it does with every other sector. Preis, Moat, and Stanley (2013) declared that the trend in the stock markets can be determined accurately by observing the information available in the search engines. For instance, if a company happens to generate a negative headline, then its stock shares value drops instantly thus making loss worth a huge amount of money in a very short time. In addition, they claimed that the more a product was frequently viewed on the search engines, the more people were interested in purchasing it hence the survey to determine the move to invest will be productive (Preis, Moat Stanley). Canada Financial Market Government bonds are a common investment for individuals whose aim is to make a fixed profit within a specific period of time in many countries around the world. In the case of Canada, where lending can be done to the regional governments, the entrepreneur would be discouraged due to the possibility of risks that may, in the long run, lead to lower chances of getting back ones money within the specified time. In this regard, the central government has offered a provision whereby the terms of lending are similar despite the level at which the loan is offered (Scuknecht, Von, and Wolswijk, 2009 p.16). Khan, (2007, p.1) claims that at around the time he published this paper, there had been witnessed immense transparency in the government bonds since it was taking place on an electronic platform which is easier to verify as opposed to physical files whose volumes used to be large and less efficient to use. The efficiency realized in this technological era has resulted to enlarging the market by opening it up to foreign investors as well as simplifying the process such that more individuals can participate within a shorter period of time as compared to when the activities were carried out manually (Khan 2007 p.5). Youngman (2009 p.1) insist that concentration of banks in financial market was as a result of crisis experienced in the sector. Apparently, the view presented is that this evolution of the institutions has been able to plan and come up with strategies that are conscious of the possible risks that may be encountered in the future. Youngman (2009 p.3) claims that there are improvements within banks to better the services and financial market with time which involves learning new trends in the industry and coming up with means of curbing them for the benefit of the entire market. The United States of America Financial Market Reinhart and Rogoff (2008, p.340) indicates that in 2007, the country witnessed a reduction in wealth and increased challenges in the credit availability as well as escalating risk margins. They claim that the crisis resulted from low prices of the housing at the time, which attracted buyers with low-income and resulted in high loan defaulters thus affecting the whole banking sector. At the same time, the public debt was high due to the instability in the country which placed them at a disadvantage within the global financial market (Reinhart and Rogoff, 2008 p.342). As such, there emerged private financial institutions who offered the much-needed loans for mortgages and in turn overturned the situation with most of the currency that would have spent abroad was multiplied in the country (Reinhart and Rogoff, 2008 p.342). Gillan and Starks (2007 p. 31) claim that shareholders in the country have evolved through activism to fight or their rights in the companies that they invest in for many decades and at the point they are now have made huge progress in the market. Consequently, the market is viable and convenient for any interested individuals. The movement paved ways for the investors to have decision-making rights which in turn gives the involved parties a sense of ownership. As a result, the market has many participants making it one of the most popular for all investors regardless of the amount they are willing to put in. In a survey carried to determine among the commodities that dominate financial markets which are riskier than others, Baur and Lucey (2010 p. 222) insist that stocks are riskier than bonds. The observation can be explained by the fact that with bonds there is a certainty at a specific interval, a pre-determined amount of interest will be made by the invested money while in the share market the interest made is dependent on the companys financial situation. As much as the risk in stock investment is relatively high, the outcome could in many cases be more productive as compared to the low-risk products. The information could play an important role in guiding the market to some extent even defining where most individuals are willing to put their resources based on their risk-taking levels. Financial Market in the United Kingdom Grinblatt and Titman (2016, p22) refer to London as the ancient financial headquarter due to the growth experienced in earlier centuries when most of other parts of the world were far from catching up. They add that although other cities around the globe have developed in equal measure with the United Kingdom, it is still ahead of the stock, foreign currency as well as bonds internationally. The success of the market is credited to use technology to ease the process as well as allowing entry of companies from other countries to bring in competition as they dismantle monopolies in the field (Grinblatt and Titman, p22). In addition, fixed commissions that defined the market were excluded and the market was freed to allow traders to occupy the position they were most comfortable with or even multiple niches at the same time. The United Kingdom is arguably the largest market for Muslim financial services according to Hoepner, Rammal, and Rezec (2011, p2). Being able to capture a large part of the population and creating a service that is specific to their need is essential in ensuring that the investor has an unchallenged customer base. Sustainability of the market is based on ensuring that the services remain satisfactory to the target group to ensure they are not lured by competitors (Hoepner, Rammal and Rezec, 2011 p.3). For a company that targets this group, they should comply with specific guidelines in which way banks that have dominated the field in the United Kingdom have adhered to (Hoepner, Rammals and Rezec 2011, p5). The country has opened their market to international investors have increased their capital and subsequently minimized costs incurred (Kay 2012, p2). However, he insists that the integrity of the sector is dependent on the practices carried out such that negative publicity or association with investors with a negative image may ruin the good reputation made over the years (Kay 2012 p2). Reputation in the field is everything in the business as it is a sector driven by the information available on the specific products as well as the channel where the interactions take place. Comparison of the three countries with Australia The banks which are the main financial institutions in the OECD countries used as a venue for the type of market discussed in this paper have shown major differences in the various regions. Those in Australia have less resilience compared to Canadian ones because their banks have a better capital ratio which makes them able to access funding even during a crisis as well as sustain bigger margins of losses without losing the ability to operate (Huang and Ratnovski, 2009 p4). In addition, they have clients who are not solely involved in the money market that is mainly guided by current events and would withdraw in a whim based on a negative publicity of the institution (Huang and Ratnovski 2009 p.5). They also claim that clients in these banks also include stable businesses that understand that the environment might not always be favorable hence will patiently wait for the rough patch to pass by while continuing to trust the financial institution with their assets (Huang and Ratnovski, 2009 p.5). In addition, they possess assets that are set aside to be liquefied in the difficult seasons when they are not able to access market loans (Huang and Ratnovski, 2009 p.4). The OECD countries have diverse economic statuses which are reflected in their unique financial markets (Svaleryd and Vlachos, 2005 p. 2). These investments, especially in the specific regions, are guided by the policies they employ which serve to attract or discourage the citizens from investing in this sector (Svaleryd and Vlachos, 2005 p.9). A developed market specializing either in stock, bonds and/or foreign exchange is advantaged as compared to those that are still trying to catch up (Svaleryd and Vlachos, 2005 p.13). As such, based on our previous views on the United Kingdom, their competitive advantage in the financial market is bigger than in Australia due to the already established system in the former. Recommendations and Conclusion When a countrys financial situation is capable of causing an effect in other nations then they are a major player and ought to be listed in the global market index portfolio. As discussed earlier, the 2007 crisis brought about by the housing industry, the impacts were felt in other countries even to some to a greater extent than in the area of origin (Bakaert 2014, p2). As such, there is a clear indicator that slight imbalance in this nation as a global player has impacts on the worldwide market. It is also argued that challenges in the sector mostly affect the nations that have developed strong ties within the global market (Bakaert 2014, p2). Players within their domestic space experience less intensity of crisis as compared to their international counterparts due to the nature of the market. Aguilera et al (2006, p1) insist that both the United States of America and the United Kingdom are major players within the corporate world. In the same sense, the markets were known based on which of the two regions they were based. Consequently, these are the major players based on my list that ought to be on the global portfolio. The other two, although they are major players, are not at the same level as the aforementioned ones. According to Aguilera et al (2006 p.2) although the markets occupy regions very far apart from each other they have many similarities aimed at client satisfaction in the services and products offered. Also, considering that both players advertise in an international platform, major differences would place the ones offering less at a disadvantage. However, there are some notable differences that make each of the two players unique (Aguilera et al 2006 p.153). These differences in the operation included social and environmental welfare put into consideratio n by the corporate players in the United Kingdom due to the need for these players to create a good public perception (Aguilera 2006 p.152). In the United States of America, there was less attention as compared to the European counterparts most likely because their environment did not put them under pressure to provide these services (Aguilera 2006 p.153). Edison and Warnock (2004 p.1) claim that when financial markets involved only in domestic trade, they reduce their risk index since it is lower on the international scene due to stability and sharing among many players. In the same footing, if Australia and Canada were able to play at the same level with their counterparts and open their markets to compete at the ultimate level their chances of being viable to get similar portfolio would be increased. References Aguilera, R.V., Williams, C.A., Conley, J.M. and Rupp, D.E., 2006. Corporate governance and social responsibility: A comparative analysis of the UK and the US. Corporate Governance: An International Review, 14(3), pp147-158. Aitken, R., Chaudhry, M.Q., Boxall, A.B.A. and Hull, M., 2006. Manufacture and use of nanomaterials: currentstatus in the UK and global trends. Occupational medicine, 56(5), pp.300-306. Baur, D. G. and Lucey, B. M., 2010. Is gold a hedge or a safe haven? An analysis of stocks, bonds and gold. Financial Review 45, no. 2 (2010): 217-229. Bekaert, G., Ehrmann, M., Fratzscher, M. and Mehl, A., 2014. The global crisis and equity market contagion. The Journal of Finance, 69(6), pp.2597-2649. Edison, H.J. and Warnock, F.E., 2004. US Investors emerging market equity portfolios: a security-level analysis. The Review of Economics and Statistics, 86(3), pp.691-704. Gillan, S. and Starks, L. T., 2007. The evolution of shareholder activism in the United States. Grinblatt, M. and Titman, S., 2016. Financial markets corporate strategy. Hoepner, A.G., Rammal, H.G. and Rezec, 2011. Islamic mutual funds financial performance and international investment style: evidence from 20 countries. The European Journal of Finance, 17(9-10), pp. 829-850. Holston, K., Laubach, T. and Williams, J.C., 2017. Measuring the natural rate of interest: International trends and determinants. Journal of International Economics. Huang, R. and Ratnoviski, L., 2009. Why are Canadian banks more resilient? (No.9-152). International Monetary Fund. Kay, J., 2012. The Kay review of UK equity markets and long-term decision making. Final Report. 2012 Feb;112. Khan, N., 2007. Impacts of electronic trading platforms on the brokered interdealer market for Government of Canada benchmark bonds (No. 2007,5). Bank of Canada Working Paper. Preis, T., Moat, H.S. and Stanley, H.E., 2013. Quantifying trading behavior in financial markets using Google Trends. Scientific reports, 3, p.srep01684. Reinhart, C. M. and Rogoff, K. S., 2008. Is the 2007 US sub-prime financial crisis so different? An international historical comparison (No. w13761). National Bureau of Economic Research. Schuknecht, L., Von Hagen, J. and Wolswijk, G., 2009. Government risk premiums in the bond market: EMU and Canada. European Journal of political Economy, 25(3), pp. 371-384. Youngman, P., 2009, June. Procyclicality and value at risk. In Bank of Canada Financial System Review.

Brian free essay sample

# 8217 ; s Winter Essay, Research Paper Page 1 This book is called Brian # 8217 ; s Winter. It is the sequal to Hachet. The plane Brian is in clangs in the Canadian wilderness. Brian learns to last with a bow and pointer. He is rescued and the narrative ends. In Brian # 8217 ; s Winter, he is non rescued and is still populating in the wilderness holding several things leftover from the plane, such as pots and pans, cogwheel, and several packages of freezing # 8211 ; dried nutrient. The nutrient runs out and Brian lives off berries turning in the natural state. He so learns to utilize a bow and pointer and shoots little animate beings for nutrient. He thinks about his female parent and her idiosyncrasy. He thinks of the yesteryear, and so comes back to world. He kills several coneies and stiches the pelt together and makes a waistcoat for himself. He meets a rotter and decides to name it Betty after his aunt who waddles like her. We will write a custom essay sample on Brian or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page One dark Brian is kiping and a bear comes along, goes up on two legs, and is absolutely willing to assail. Then along comes Betty to salvage him ( or the nutrient he gives her ) . The the rotter sprays the bear and the bear leaves. In order to maintain himself safe from the bear he makes a stronger arm # 8211 ; a stronger bow and pointer plus he makes a spear. A stone that is crisp and chipped off with a pointed caput. Brian goes out runing in the dark, cool dark and happens to come across a elk. The elk charges toward him, and he has his spear ready. She goes right into the spear cervix foremost. The tegument was harder to separa Te from the backbones than the cervid was. He cuts into the tummy of the animate being and the full backbones comes out. Without the backbones it was easier to tegument. Page 2 He ate the following twenty-four hours barbequing the moose meat and the rain came # 8230 ; # 8230 ; # 8230 ; once more. Something charming happened # 8211 ; the rain turned to light snow. He had made a brace of mittens from the fell of the elk. Then he noticed on his wall ( he has a wall side that he keeps the yearss on ) that it is the terminal of November. So he had a large dinner that dark. It seemed as though he was in a dream, he heard a rifle cleft or a sound like it. At the 3rd cleft he was on his pess. He yelled in the way. He couldn # 8217 ; t tell whether it was a dream or non. The following twenty-four hours he couldn # 8217 ; t happen paths. He was tilting against a tree when all of a sudden the tree exploded from the interior. He picked up a piece, it was frozen solid! The tree merely went through something that is normal. He made some snowshoes and walked through the snow and this lightened his whole attitude. Out by the lake he went walking and found a wolf print and a consecutive line. He found out that in nature few things are absolutely straight. He decides to follow the line by seeing which manner the wolf print goes. When he finds the terminal after a twenty-four hours of following, he finds a petroleum lob cabin with Canis familiariss tied to a tobgan. A adult male comes out and says to Brian # 8220 ; we have been inquiring when you would come. # 8221 ; That is the terminal.